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Thursday, May 29, 2014

Hodge Podge of Thoughts on Inclusive Teaching Institute

 
Looking down at Shockoe Valley from Richmond Hill Retreat Center

I thought of you 
In the land of plenty
Disconnected from the rest of Richmond city
Riding in a car
Someone pointed out
"This school's roof leaked. 
The ceiling tile hit a child!"
What went through the minds of young students
To be broken up and bused to different strange schools?
Further the car took me 
To another school sited next to the city jail
Hope sits adjacent to despair
City planning gone awry
Or a deliberate act of marginalization
In the four Courts silence pervaded
There were no children skipping in backyards
Nor grownups in congenial chatter
A police car, no, two, circled these housing projects
Turns in the road
Led me back to my rustic retreat
Cast down by the privilege of knowing

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A girl received a scholarship offer to go to college but did not have $12 to pay for a required transcript for her application. When she finally found the money to do so, the scholarship fund had largely been depleted. 

A man was offered a job. He couldn't accept it because he couldn't get to work. City buses do not ply the roads of his neighborhood. 

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My learning experience at the 2014 Summer Institute for Inclusive Teaching was thrilling and disturbing. Since the close of the Institute, I have found it difficult to write about the week's experience. I lost my "voice." I couldn't muster strength nor heart to blog or tweet. These activities seemed frivolous to me when poverty and injustice had stared at me so blatantly. I had never considered if I had been raised in circumstances of privilege. Yet listening to the speakers on all five days, I couldn't help but wonder if my education and hence privilege of knowing had led me to adequate action for the public good.

At the Institute, I was like a sponge soaking up new concepts. Having been raised in the island-state of multiracial Singapore, appreciation for and support of diversity has been a natural part of my life. But back there, I didn't think, or maybe more aptly, didn't have to think, about stereotype threats, gender inclusion or other forms of marginalization. I was a member of the dominant race. I was surrounded by friends of different racial and linguistic groups. Educated in a girls' school (Like bell hooks of Teaching to Transgress), I received empowering education. In the USA, I am or became part of a minority group -- an oft-perceived model minority group. I have often been told in the face that I'm over-motivated and that I need to "slow down." It seems in the USA people see me and read "privilege" or "always looking for number 1" (which couldn't be further from the truth). I frequently let these remarks pass. What are these names when I've been called worse things in the USA? These terms have no meaning to me. I'm having fun as I learn and do what other people perceive is "difficult" or too accelerated a pace for me. Yet, these remarks occur far too often the longer I've been in the USA and particularly when I encounter people who have limited cross-cultural awareness and experience.

"How did you find the strength to respond to such ignorance?" I was asked.

The short answer is, I didn't know my own strength. (Go check Whitney Houston's song)

As disturbing as the week's events have been, I relished my time of learning and the camaraderie that has developed among the participants and our Faculty Learning Community (which served as a planning committee for the Institute). We were as different and diverse as an inclusive FLC could possibly be within the constraints of a higher ed institution. Working with them was affirming and comforting. They understood my struggles. I am not alone with the misperceptions and sometimes coercion by other people to make me become more like them. For instance, when I'm not as noisy as some people want me to be, Lisa Webb, my disability work buddy understands it's because I'm comfortable with another language, a world without sounds. I'm at ease with Deaf people and that in the visual poetry of gestures and ASL, "voice" is realized a different way. I don't need to use sounds to draw attention to myself. More accurately, I dislike drawing attention to myself. I'd rather people look at my work and appreciate my ideas. [Yes, it's hard to separate the individual from the idea, but think Terence Malick of Tree of Life whose films I admire.] Chinese expresses it best for me: 不爱出风头。 Even when other people think I'm "silent," I'm not without voice. Most people don't cross as many "worlds" as I do in one setting - English, Chinese, Cantonese and signing. Lara dos Passos Coggin, one of my FLC members who is bilingual (or maybe more) expressed the multilingual person's struggles in a compelling way for me (not exact words):

"Some people who are monolingual do not understand the multiplicity of resources (and thus, interference) a multilingual person has access to and are processing as they seek to express themselves."

Something else she said continues to ring in my mind,

"Diversity nourishes and feeds my soul. I need it to flourish."

She captured a dominant desire of mine.

My plea to people who are experts in one language and focuses on only one: have patience and to not think you need to help multilingual speakers find the words they need to elegantly and eloquently express themselves. They have an abundance of symbolic conventions and knowledge domains to mash up into creative expressions.

It has been hard to write this post but I want to capture some of these memories before they fade from my mind. I might reword or add more thoughts later. Writing is one of my loves so it is a struggle to want to do your best at being clear, parsimonious (in the tradition of Howard Becker, inspired by my advisor) and thoughtful when your thoughts are half-formed. But this will do for now.

Saturday, May 17, 2014

The Canvas Babe

Once, there was a little girl who slept on a white canvas bed with wooden legs.

Every morning, she woke up and made her own bed.

She folded the white canvas bed and leaned it against the bedroom wall.

She also liked to sing and dance.

One day, she came home from dancing in a school concert. Her teacher had made up her face with some pretty colors -- blue on her eyelids, orange on her cheeks and red on her lips.

This image is a black-and-white drawing. It shows a picture of a girl
hiding behind a couch and 2 men talking to each other.

She saw papa talking to a man she had never met. She went to hide behind the wooden couch papa made. The man saw her.

He asked papa, "Why is your child's face all made up?" She kept this memory in her heart. She learned that Ah Tee was papa's supervisor. 

When she was about ten, she heard papa talking sadly to mama one night.

This image is a black-and-white drawing. It shows a girl sleeping
on a canvas bed, a couple talking and the canvas bed being folded up.

"Ah Tee said, no matter how bright she is, we'll never be able to send her to college!"

She didn't understand what those words meant.

Many many years have passed.

On May 9th, 2014, that "little girl" was hooded by her advisor at a doctoral hooding ceremony in Syracuse University.

Education fulfilled its promise in her life.

Yin Wah Kreher, doctoral hooding, 5/9/2014


Yin Wah Kreher with Marjorie DeVault, 5/9/2014

爸妈,虽然当天你们无法在场,我想您俩一定会很开心看到这些照片, 也希望在远方的你们会藉此感到骄傲. 我想要你们知道,你们永远在我心中是最重要的。感谢你们这么多年来,这么辛苦地养育我,培养我,默默地支持我。我只能说,在这一刻,我无法找到恰当的词汇来表达我对你们深深的感谢和爱。我会永远的感激你们和思念你们。女儿,燕华。

Friday, May 16, 2014

Border-Crossing Research Update in Syracuse


Open House & Research Update, Syracuse University, May 8, 2014. Short subtitles are included.

A more detailed description of the slides in the video in GoogleDoc
A more detailed description of the slides in the video in PDF
[Right-click to open document in new tab on browser] 

Sometimes, a somewhat ordinary remark dwells longer than it probably should in my mind.

"You like research, right?" Said in the context of new job duties being articulated at my workplace. 

I like doing research, just as I would likely say I like designing, painting, writing, storytelling, and several other things. My "like-ness" level for each of them, however, is slightly different and the nature of each "like-ness" is unique. The commonality among each of them is that these processes allow me to search for, express and synthesize ideas. The process is far more valuable than the outcome.

For instance, in conducting this research study among some Deaf people, I found the language to articulate some of my own struggles as a multicultural person and border-crosser. Who is the "other"? When difference is made visible, how do we handle it? Deaf people taught me to look beyond their mode of communication to see the whole person. Whether a person signs, writes notes or uses an interpreter, an individual is shaped by multiple dimensions. I may specialize in instructional design largely through my formal education and work, but I'm more than that, the sum of many things. For a long time, my Deaf friends were not aware that I was a Ph.D. student -- largely due to my inadequate signing (?) and me not wanting to talk about it when I'm away from my desk, not writing my dissertation. I simply just wanted to be me, Yin, at those intersectional spaces.

I cross intersectional spaces or borderlands (Anzaldua, 1987) everyday and my research interest centers broadly on how people learn and interact at places of change, hybridity and/or liminality (van Gennep, 1908). The above video archives an event that provided me an opportunity to give back to the community in some way by sharing what I had learned from them. The intrigue in doing research is in making connections among ideas and people and being in the intersectional space of change. Whether I write or talk about it, I find joy in sharing what I learned with people.

So yes, I like research, because I like people, ideas and learning. Most of all, to combine elements in an interesting way. The same with drawing, writing, designing, learning something new... Each activity is just another medium I've found and learned to use to express my creativity.

The pursuit of purposeful creative expression (through synthesis) that will make an impact on lives is my true love.

Tuesday, May 13, 2014

Smiles of a Summer Day

[Blog title inspired by Stephen Sondheim's A Little Night Music, adapted from Ingmar Bergman's Smiles of a Summer Night]

Cellphone Shot by Yin Wah Kreher along Pennsylvania highway, May 10, 2014.
This image shows a young man playing a saxophone, seated on a bench on a woody rest-stop
along the Pennsylvania highway.
Moments of beauty and curiosity have ways of showing up when they are the least likely qualities I'm holding in my heart. Driving home from Syracuse University, we stopped to unfurl(?) -- our folded bodies contorted within our sedan for some hours and to have a bite. Walking into the woody rest area, I espied a saxophone player. As the music notes floated out into the woods, I was thankful -- for this time of refreshing at a highway rest-stop.

Curiosity, yes (What a story one could write using this picture prompt!). But more so, gratitude.

Monday, May 5, 2014

Research Update

Our research team is planning an update. My dissertation advisor has organized an Open House to disseminate our findings. This coincides with my Syracuse trip for graduation ceremonies. Here are the details, crafted by my advisor, Prof. Marj DeVault:


It's a mostly informal event where we'll chat/sign.  I'm looking forward to catching up with friends from both the hearing and Deaf communities in Syracuse.

I'll share more as the event unfolds.

Saturday, May 3, 2014

Magically Imperfect Groupwork

Team Limitless Project Prototype. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UeRIMO3Gwkg
Group work in Tina Seelig's MOOC was a rewarding high-impact learning experience for me. In this post, I describe why it was so. 

We faced quite a few odds. Communication was a significant problem along a few dimensions. Night is day to my team mates. I want to sleep and they want to discuss potential project solutions. We used Whatsapp for synchronous and asynchronous communications after our MOOC message boards failed dismally. [I noticed that Whatsapp is popular with my international friends, but not so among my American friends]. My Whatsapp alerts were buzzing off constantly during those 2 weeks.

Five out of seven of us in the group lived outside of the USA. They do not use English most of the time. We all had fulltime jobs or school. I told my team-mates I could only communicate during pockets of time in a day when I wasn't working or sleeping.

We had different expectations about participation. Based on my earlier experience in this MOOC, I expect to put in about 5 to 10 hours of work per week. On my team members' profiles, I found out that they expect to contribute about 3 to 5 hours. This signaled a mismatch?

Despite these challenges, I deem our group work a success because of a few reasons (commitment, and willingness to work hard), but the top one is WE NEEDED EACH OTHER TO SUCCEED. If I can do everything myself, why would I need to be in a group? Teachers should seriously consider designing assignments where students are interdependent upon each other for success.

Our first group project required that we find a problem that would have a musical solution. We had to brainstorm at least 100 solutions. The second project required us to implement the best solution. We were ambitious - our best solution entailed the following:
  • rewriting a song - Jason Mraz's "Make It Mine"
  • singing the song
  • spinning a story creatively about the solution
All in in less than a week's time.

We got to work in different time zones.
  • My Armenian team-mate rewrote the LYRICS with me.
    Ani
  • Two singers recorded the tune with new lyrics - Aditya from India and Ani from Armenia. It wasn't without challenges -- we tried to find an accompaniment track but the pitch was too high for our male singer! Two audio tunes were recorded but I realized they were in MP4 format, so they had to be converted before I could merge them in the video-production software.
  • I had to work with our sound engineer, Jeremy, who would merge/edit/mix the audio files from different continents together. I got them to him but sound alone does not a video maketh.
    Jeremy
  • We needed images. Our Mexican team-mate Jonathan volunteered to take pictures. He took a few black-and-white pictures and that meant the rest of the images we use had to be converted to black-and-white ones.
  • With the deadline creeping up on us (we each had jobs to do, school to attend), I tried to put everything together. Someone has to coordinate all the work across all the continents and time zones! Without the sound files merged, I couldn't produce the video and it was getting late on my side of the world. I needed help!
  • Jeremy, 3 hours behind me, dashed home from school in time and asked how he could help. Help he did with the production of the video after merging the sound files from India and Armenia. After some discussion about video hosting and text overlay, the video was made.
  • Ani submitted the assignment. 
  • Aditya gave some more feedback to tweak the product for clarity. 
  • It was done.  
The end result may not look as sleek as other folks with professional graphic design and video production expertise. But the teamwork process was magical. I am glad to have this learning experience. I will always treasure it. Blogging about it is my way of archiving this with the other major learning experiences in my life. Someday I will look back and read this again with gratitude.

In the most unexpected of ways, my team rose to the challenge. We all brainstormed and came up with ideas (including other members above - Rathna, Arman), bounced them around, took on the roles of image editor, songwriter, storyboarder/script writer, singer, photographer, video editor, sound editor, and came up with this prototype. Sure, it could be more polished but I'm still proud of it. I couldn't do everything myself and that is the secret to group work that works!

Thank you, Team Limitless for the learning experience. This song from Wicked the Musical -- "For Good" -- is dedicated to you all!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzrGFQysfYU

Friday, May 2, 2014

Group Work


It is no secret that students hate group work (Check References). Mazella (2007) summarizes it cogently in his blogpost some seven years ago. Students often encounter unmet expectations and vexations:
  • Equitable contribution
  • Submaximal goal setting
  • Lessened contingency between input and outcome
  • Lack of evaluation
  • Unequal distribution of compensation
  • Non-cohesive group
Though widely investigated, the misery of group work continues to plague courses, UNLESS group work is carefully taught, designed, supported and supervised (Check Maryellen Weimer's Teaching Professor blogpost, July 21, 2008). Just telling students to collaborate doesn't mean they know how to collaborate. And upon graduation, inequitable group or committee work in adult working life persists in lowering work morale. In my life (stress, MY life), I've only seen folks in the corporate world fired for not producing high-quality work in teams.

As an advocate for diversity and respect for difference, I'm not ashamed to say that the brightest and fastest students are held back and under-recognized because one single grade is given to all group members, regardless of the subpar or missing contribution by loafers. I get it, people have reasons that surface unexpectedly for not being able to participate or not being able to perform at high levels. I'm not unsympathetic to the reasons for some members' inability to contribute. But to say that everyone puts their share in the till and the same recognition is doled out equally to everyone is unmotivating. Why should high quality and low quality performance be equally rewarded? Why would an accelerated high-performer want to continue working in that environment? To say that brighter students would be challenged when they serve as tutors to the slower is simplistic thinking. It shows a lack of understanding of the struggles of accelerated learners. They don't always want to be the tutors or the persons whose "brains are being picked" or who are being taken advantage of (Read "I don't want to be a Smarty Anymore). As for the slower students, they don't want to work at an accelerated pace or to "raise the bar." Some students are contented with just "getting by" (Checklist mentality). How then shall the twain meet? 

Suffice to say, group work remains high on the list of problems my clients face in trying to teach online to large classes satisfactorily. And I try to do the best I can to help them as they experiment with solutions and not give up on group work entirely.

This brings me to the inspiration for this blogpost. Recently, I participated in two short group projects for Tina Seelig's Creativity MOOC. Since it's my second time around, I had some understanding of how difficult it might be to work with folks from different backgrounds and time zones. I was hesitant to be in a group initially since I didn't need to stress myself unnecessarily to be involved in unpredictable group work. There is no grade given and I only wanted to enjoy the course.

However, I found myself invited to a few groups. I decided to commit to one. The group problems I had anticipated reared their heads early (self-fulfilling prophecy?). I decided to pull out of the team due to health concerns (working when I should be sleeping and vice versa). But a few team members contacted me and asked me to return. So I relented and rejoined the group.

The problems my group faced were heightened by short assignment deadlines and cross-continental work (India, Armenia, Mexico, USA (East and West coast times)). I could slacken and not put in as much work as I did -- after all, it's just a MOOC! -- but I was working with very young people for who I felt I should model strong work ethic and responsibility. My goal is to help others succeed. This is not a high-stakes course for me but I worked really hard because I could see that most people were trying to do the best they could.

Both group projects involved us having to brainstorm and implement solutions. For our second group project, we had an ambitious goal - rewrite a song, sing the song and spin a story creatively about the solution in less than a week's time. BUT we did it. Not everyone was able to contribute at the same level for various reasons. But I was satisfied that we pulled it off. It didn't matter to me that some were able to put in more work than the rest. I'm still proud of our humble efforts because we had to work against a number of odds. We made it because we were dependent on each other for success!

My next blogpost will outline our efforts in greater detail. 

References

Mazella, D. (Sept. 29, 2007). Why do students hate groupwork? [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://long18th.wordpress.com/2007/09/29/why-do-students-hate-groupwork/

Weimer, M. (July 1, 2008). Why students hate groups. [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://www.teachingprofessor.com/articles/teaching-and-learning/why-students-hate-groups